X-ray radiation effect of image intensfier (C-Arm) on adipose tissue-mesenchymal stem cell viability and osteogenic differentiation

Introduction: Mesenchymal stem cell seems to give bright chance in the field of medicine including orthopedic. Adipose tissue derives mesenchymal stem cells (AT-MSCs) have faster cell proliferation and less morbidities and pain during harvesting procedure than bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSC). The minimal invasive MSC injections need X-ray (C-arm) that potentially influence osteogenic differentiation. This research aimed to know the effects of C-arm X-ray in viability and osteogenic differentiation of AT-MSCs. Methods: This experimental study used cryopreserved adipose tissue derived MSCs stored in Stem Cell Medical Technology Integrated Service Unit Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital. Cells were thawed, propagated and exposed to C-Arm X-ray in several dose of radiation, cells then cultured. The cell viability, population doubling time and osteogenic differentiation then counted and analyzed with SPSS 20. Result: There was no correlation between viability and the radiation dose in AT-MSCs (p = 0.052, r = 0.464). No correlation between PDT and the radiation dose (p = 0.028, r = 0.687). There was no significance difference in osteogenic differentiation in various radiation doses (p = 0.594). Conclusion: Adipose tissue derives mesenchymal stem cell viability and osteogenic differentiation were not influenced by radiation exposure up to 32.34 mSv.