Virtual screening of Indonesian herbal database as α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4 isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) antagonist

Objective: Ischemic stroke is one type of circulatory disturbance caused by blood clots that block blood flow to the brain. One of the impact of ischemia is nerve cell damage due to excitotoxicity. Inhibition of the ionotropic glutamate receptor such as the AMPA receptor, becomes an essential approach to the treatment of ischemia. This study aims to explore the possibility of an Indonesian herbal compound as an AMPA receptor antagonist. Methods: In this study, virtual screening of 2233 herbal compounds was performed by docking method using AutoDock to find the antagonist candidate of AMPA receptor from Indonesian herbal database. The virtual screening method was validated by an area under curve (AUC) of the ROC curve and enrichment factor (EF). Lipinski's Rule of Five was used to filter the screening result. Results: The validation of virtual screening result showed that AUC was 0.9385 and EF 1% was 23.5550. The screening result of Indonesian herbal database showed top five compound sanggenol O, blazeispirol X, progesterone, nimolicinol and boeravinone F (-8.51; -8.39; -8.19; -8.17; -8.08 kcal/mol, respectively) and have interaction with TYR61 and THR91 residues of AMPA receptor. Conclusion: Five compounds of the Indonesia herbal database were shown as hits of AMPA receptor antagonist based on the docking method.