Validation of sleep bruxism questionnaire based on the diagnostic criteria of the american academy of sleep medicine

Sleep bruxism could be an etiology of temporomandibular disorders (TMD). Patients with sleep bruxism are more likely to experience jaw pain and limitation of jaw movement than people who do not have sleep bruxism. One common way to diagnose sleep bruxism is through the use of a questionnaire, along with a clinical examination, electromyography, and polysomnography. A sleep bruxism questionnaire from the American Academy of Sleep Medicine (2005) diagnostic criteria has been used worldwide, but it has never been validated in Indonesia. To analyze the reliability and validity of this questionnaire in Indonesian, the original English version of the questionnaire was translated using the forward-backward technique, pilot tested in 30 subjects, and then applied to 92 subjects between 20 and 50 years of age. The internal consistency of the questionnaire was evaluated using Cronbach's alpha (a) coefficient. The intra class correlation (ICC) coefficients were also evaluated. The validity was analyzed by convergent validity, which was done by analyzing sleep bruxism and TMD. Cronbach's alpha showed moderate result (0.515), and the ICC test-retest value was above 0.808. A validity analysis using coefficient contingency correlation showed a significantly different (p<0.05) and weak correlation value (0.362). A positive correlation value with a weak correlation showed that sleep bruxism does not always cause TMD. The Indonesian version of the sleep bruxism questionnaire is reliable and valid for the assessment of sleep bruxism.