Validating modelling and prediction of land use landcover change dynamics based: A literature review

This literature study aims to identify the most suitable validation methods for data with a projection period extending beyond the existing maps' temporal coverage. The study employs a comprehensive two-step approach. The initial phase aims to identify patterns and similarities between projected data and established datasets. This study utilizes advanced interpolation and extrapolation techniques, drawing inspiration from previous research. Additionally,the concept of "back casting"is integrated, enabling a retrospective evaluation of the model's accuracy in replicating historical Land Use and Land Cover (LULC) transformations using authentic historical data, aligning with methodologies outlined in the relevant literature. Transitioning to the subsequent phase, the forecasting data spanning the initial decade undergoes a thorough accuracy assessment, sensitivity analysis, and collaboration with stakeholders, culminating in refining the model following procedures delineated in existing scholarly works. Once the model is calibrated, it predicts the trajectory of LULC changes for the ensuing thirty years, incorporating various scenarios and quantifying uncertainties in line with recommendations from relevant studies. The transparent dissemination of resultsand a comprehensive evaluation across diverse study regions collectively establish the credibility and applicability of the study's findings regarding historical LULC changes as a guiding framework for shaping future predictive models.