Utilization of environmentally friendly catalyst Fe₃O₄ from iron rust in the synthesis of spiropiperidine derivative

This study aims to synthesize Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles using iron rust and evaluate the catalyst's ability in spiropiperidine synthesis. Fe₃O₄ was synthesized using the thermal decomposition method with palmitic acid as a capping agent. Characterization techniques, including XRD, IR, SEM-EDX, TEM, and PSA confirmed the formation of magnetic Fe₃O₄ with a well-defined cubic crystal structure, displaying a size of approximately 8.5 nm. Under optimal conditions, spiropiperidine synthesis using the Fe₃O₄ catalyst achieved an 84.2 % yield and could be reused for up to five runs. These findings highlight the potential of Fe₃O₄ as an efficient and reusable catalyst for green synthesis applications.