Tight Brain pada Anestesia Awake Craniotomy dengan Dexmedetomidine

Anesthesia in awake craniotomy is done using scalp block, propofol sedation, dexmedetomidine sedation or a combination of the three. This technique facilitate awake craniotomy such that intraoperative mapping of eloquent cortical function can be done in radical tumor resection. The need for cortical mapping is to describe and maintain brain function such as speaking, sensoric and motoric function throughout the resection process. The drug given must be able to provide adequate sedation and analgesia for bone removal but do not interfere with the result of function test and electrocorticography. This procedure is similar to other craniotomy, however the patient is alert during cortical mapping and tumor resection and is able to speak after tumor is resected. Dexmedetomidine is an alpha 2 adrenoreceptor agonist with specific effects such as sedation, analgesia, anesthetic sparing, cerebral protection, non addictive, does not suppress respiration, comfortable and easy to recover from. A case of 54 years old female with chief complaint of recurrent seizure in the last 3 days prior to admission is described. Based on history and examination, patient is diagnosed with right frontal lobe tumor. Patient underwent tumor resection using awake craniotomy technique. Scalp block combined with propofol and dexmedetomidine sedation was done. During the surgery, tight brain was encountered. Dexmedetomidine was evaluated as one of the factors that influence the brain relaxation throughout surgery. The Surgery took 5 hours, post surgery patient is observed in HCU.