The relationship between oral health condition and systemic disease in healthy indonesian population

Common diseases can be influenced by poor oral health. Inflammation is one major biological mechanism that links oral health condition and systemic disease. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether poor oral hygiene (OH), with or without the presence of periodontal disease, is significantly associated with biochemical markers of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in healthy Indonesian people. Methods: Ninety-eight subjects aged 52.1±8 (mean±SD) years participated in this cross-sectional study. The simplified oral hygiene index (OHIS) was used to measure OH. Blood samples were also taken to assess vascular inflammation by measuring high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), a biochemical marker of systemic disease and especially CVD. Multiple regression analyses were performed to analyze the association of hs-CRP and other risk variables, such as OHI-S, BMI, age, gender, and blood pressure. As a results, the OHI-S values for individuals with good OH and with poor OH were 1.52±1.9 and 5±3.1 mg/L, respectively. Subjects with poor oral hygiene had significantly higher CRP levels (p=0.0000) than those with good oral hygiene according to the Student's t-test. Poor OH was significantly associated with high levels of CRP after controlling for age, gender, BMI (body mass index), and blood pressure according to multiple regression analysis (ß=0.29, p=0.007, R²=0.2). It was concluded that this study suggests that poor oral hygiene may result in increased levels of CRP in a generally health population.