The prevalence of high-risk hpv in male patients with a smoking habit who attend the dental hospital of universitas indonesia

The high-risk types of the human papillomavirus (HPV) playa role in the carcinogenesis of oral cancer. Some sexual and non-sexual habits are known to increase the prevalence of high-risk HPV in the oral cavity. The role of smoking as one of the risk factors for HPV remains in conclusive. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and risk factors associated with HPV 16 and 18 in the oral cavity of male smokers who attend the Dental Hospital of the Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia. The smoking habit and other risk factors were recorded for 200 subjects. DNA was extracted from the collected stimulated saliva samples. The DNA was then subjected to the conventional polymerase chain reaction in order to detect the presence of HPV16 and 18.The prevalence of HPV18 DNA was 1.08% in the subjects who smoke, while no HPV DNA was found in the non-smokers. A history of previous oral surgery, early sexual debut, and multiple sexual partners were some of the risk factors revealed and related to the smoking habit. This study determined the low prevalence of high-risk HPV in the oral cavity of male smokers; thus, the role of smoking in increasing the prevalence of high-risk HPV in the oral cavity could not be clarified.