The optimization of ultrasonic-assisted extraction of antioxidant compounds from butterfly pea flower (Clitoria ternatea L.) by using response surface methodology

Butterfly pea flower (Clitoria ternatea L) contains many phytochemical compounds that are beneficial to human health, one of which is incorporated in the group of phenolic compounds. Generally, the extraction process of an organic compound requires heat and takes a relatively long time. Therefore, the application of the ultrasonic method for the extraction of butterfly pea flower is studied. This study aims to obtain the best-operating conditions in the ultrasonic-assisted extraction of the phenolic compound of the butterfly pea flower. The optimization of operating conditions during the extraction process was performed by using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) with the application of Design Expert 10 software. The results of the optimum operating conditions are 62,063 ml/g of solvent and flower ratio, 60% ultrasonic power output, and 15 minutes of extraction time. These operating conditions result in 55.834 ml of extract, 0.874 mg/ml of total phenolic content (TPC), and 10.42 mg/l of total anthocyanins (TA).