The influence of interferon-gamma +874 T/A and interleukin-10 -1082 G/A polymorphisms on culture conversion in Javanese multidrug-resistant tuberculosis patients

Aim: To determine the influence of gene polymorphisms, especially IFN-γ +874 T/A and IL-10 -1082 G/A to sputum culture conversion of Javanese MDR-TB patients in Indonesia. In this study, the influence of IFN-γ +874 T/A and IL-10 -1082 G/A gene polymorphisms to the sputum culture conversion of Javanese MDR-TB patients was investigated. Method: This study was conducted in patients suspected to have MDR-TB in Moewardi hospital from January 2011 to April 2014. Sputum conversion status, epidemiology, and clinical data of patients were collected. IFN-γ and IL-10 polymorphisms were obtained using Polymerase chain reaction methods. During the study period, 120 from 179 participants that met the inclusion criteria were willing to sign the informed consent. Seven patients dropped out, and six patients died. Result and Discussion: A total of 61 patients had MDR-TB, and 46 patients had TB resistant to rifampicin. Patients with mixed genotypes of +874 A/A IFN-γ and -1082 A/A IL-10 had the longest time of sputum culture conversion (Hazard ratio [HR] = 2.88; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.030-8.028; and P = 0.040). Patients with mixed genotypes of +874 T/T IFN-γ and -1082 G/A IL-10 have the fastest time of culture conversion (HR = 0.441; 95% CI: 0.223-0.870; and P = 0.018). Culture conversion of MDR-TB patients was influenced by -1082 A/A IL-10 gene polymorphism (deceleration) and +874 T/T IFN-γ and -1082 G/A IL-10 gene polymorphism (acceleration). Conclusion: The +874 T/T IFN-γ and -1082 A/A IL-10 gene polymorphisms influence culture conversion (deceleration) and the +874 T/T IFN-γ and -1082 G/A IL-10 gene polymorphisms accelerate the culture conversion of Javanese MDR-TB patients.