The evaluation of irrigation water requirement under climate change phenomenon in the urban area (a literature study)

Irrigation is important for agricultural activities because it distributes water into irrigation area and provides water for crop growth. The appropriate and effective water allocation supports agricultural productivity. Generally, irrigation activities get water from rainfall and it is very depending on several climate variables for example temperature, humidity, duration of radiation and wind velocity. Several climatic variables are important for agriculture since they affect the evapotranspiration rate that it will determine irrigation water requirement rate. Therefore, irrigation water requirement is sensitive if climate change happened. In the other hand, decreasing of agriculture area as the agricultural land conversion gradually will reduce the irrigation service area particularly in the fast-growth area in development. So that, irrigation water requirement also will be reduced. Irrigation water requirement should be evaluated simultaneously in order that it can be allocated appropriately. This paper was written to develop an evaluation method for irrigation water requirement through analysis of climate change trend, agricultural land conversion and irrigation efficiency based on the literature review. The reviews result selected method i.e. Mann Kendall Test for climate change trend analysis, spatial analysis for agricultural land conversion and comparison of inflow and outflow for irrigation efficiency analysis.