The Emission Effect of Utilization of Gasoline, Ethanol, and Methanol (GEM) Blend in Passenger Car

The energy demand for fuel is increasing as the vehicle population increases. Until 2035, it is projected that energy use will still be dominated by fossil energy. This needs to be addressed to diversify the use of energy which should be renewable energy (RE) to get a larger portion than at this time, RE has only utilized 5% of all fossil energy used. The higher the use of fuel, the emission of combustion gases is one of the impacts that will accompany it. So, it is necessary to look for renewable and environmentally friendly energy. Ethanol and Methanol are alcoholic chemical compounds, which contain hydrocarbons that can be used as fuel. This study looks for the fuel consumption, emissions, and performance resulting from the use of Ethanol and Methanol as a gasoline fuel mixture in the passenger car. The method used is UN-ECE R101 for fuel consumption and UN-ECE R83 for emission tests. The based and comparison fuel used is gasoline with RON 90 produced by PT. Pertamina and the mixture used is GEM. The car used is Toyota Kijang LGX. As a result, fuel consumption is still better using based fuel with a difference of 18% decreased from M1010. Meanwhile, for cleaner emissions, GEM has reduced CO and HC levels, respectively 43% in E15M5 blend, than 18% in E10M10, while NOx increased by 30% in E10M10 and E15M5 blend. The performance result is GEM better than based.