The Effects of Hydroxyapatite-Gelatin-Propolis Elution on Osteoblast Cell Culture

Introduction: Hydroxyapatite (HA) and gelatin and propolis materials have been investigated and combined to enhance bone regeneration. This study aimed to evaluate the levels of total protein, protein profile, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and osteocalcin (OC) in the culture medium of osteoblast cells following exposure to HA, gelatin, and propolis elution. Materials and Methods: Human Osteoblast Cell-line MG-63 was cultured in six exposure groups, including control, HA, 6% propolis, HA-gelatin, HA-6% propolis, and HA-gelatin-6% propolis. ALP and OC levels were analyzed and quantified in the culture medium after 7, 14, and 21 days of exposure using the ELISA test. Then the Bradford test was performed to see the total protein and SDS-PAGE test to see the protein profile. Results: Higher levels of total protein were observed in the HA group, HA-6% propolis group, and the 6% propolis group compared to the control group. Conversely, no differences were noted in the protein profiles among all exposure groups. The HA group, 6% propolis, and HA-gelatin exhibited higher levels of ALP and OC levels compared to the control group. ALP levels were increase positively correlated with an increase in OC levels in all group. Conclusions: There was no significant difference in the total protein, protein profile, levels of alkaline phosphatase and osteocalcin in the hydroxyapatite-gelatin-propolis 6% elution exposure group compared to the control group. However, the results of the study showed that there was an increase in the total protein, ALP level, and OC level of the osteoblast cell culture following the administration propolis.