The effect of partial substitution of monovalent ion on divalent ion of La_0.8Ca_0.2-xAg_xMnO₃ (x=0 and x=0.05) compounds in structure, morphology, and purity by sol-gel method

La_0.8Ca_0.2-xAg_xMnO₃ ceramics with x = 0 and 0.05 has been synthesized using the sol gel method. These materials are one member of perovskite manganites materials which has the general formula RE_1-xAE_xMnO₃. Material LaCaMnO3 and La_0.8Ca_0.15Ag_0.05MnO₃ was characterized by X-ray Diffractometer (XRD), and Scanning Electron Microscopy-Electron Dispersive Spectroscopy (SEM-EDS). According to X-Ray Diffractometer characterization and high score refinement showed that the crystal structure for both materials are orthorhombic. Partial substitution of the Ag⁺ in Ca²⁺ did not change the structure of the material but there are changes in lattice parameters. Both materials have a high homogeneity with the larger crystallite average size when doped by Ag, it is seen from the morphology of Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). EDX characterization using point analysis confirms that in samples with x = 0.05 (La_0.8Ca_0.15Ag_0.05MnO₃), the Ag ion have been successfully substituted. The result of the measurement of the composition of the two materials is not much different from the calculation, so it can be concluded that both materials have a good compositional purity.