The effect of alendronate to osseointegration of dental implant at Ovariectomized Sprague Dawley Rat

Abstract This study aimed to analyze the effect of alendronate concentration on osseointegration of dental implants based on the bone area on area of interest and necrotic bone 24 Sprague Dawley female mice that have given birth, weighing 200 grams aged 5 months. All rats performed bilateral ovariectomy. All rats were divided into four groups; group O (not given alendronate); group A (subcutaneous injection) (SC) (4 times per week with alendronate 0.08 mL); group B (injected SC every week with 0.29 mL); group C (injected SC every week with 0.58 mL). The implant was placed on the fifteenth day when mice had hypoestrogen condition after 2 weeks post-ovariectomy. Histomorphometric examination was performed and stained with Masson Trichrome technique. The highest percentage of bones formation around the implants were achieved in group B, which shows the best osseointegration of the implant. The lowest percentage of bones formation was group O, the ovariectomy without alendronate group. There was a significant difference in group B (alendronate 0.29 mL) when compared with O (control) and A (alendronate 0.08 mL), and C (alendronate 0.58 mL). This study shows that there is a correlation between alendronate concentration and bone percentage around the implant in the area of interest on histomorphometry examination. The highest bone increase in the group with alendronate 35mg (0.29 mL) per week. Whereas in the alendronate group of 70mg (0.58mL) per week, the resulting bone formation was less in the area of interest with the worst percentage of necrotic bone from the four groups.