TY - JOUR
T1 - The design and impact of the pedagogical agent
T2 - A systematic literature review
AU - Martha, Ati Suci Dian
AU - Santoso, Harry B.
N1 - Funding Information:
We sincerely thank LPDP (Indonesia Endowment Fund for Education), the Ministry of Finance, the Republic of Indonesia for partially funding this research through the Indonesian Education Scholarship program. This work is also supported by Hibah PITTA 2018 funded by DRPM Universitas Indonesia with the research topic: The Implementation and Personalization of ICT-Based Learning Environment, No. 1878/UN2.R3.1/ HKP.05.00/2018.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2019, Grand Canyon University. All rights reserved.
PY - 2019/1/1
Y1 - 2019/1/1
N2 - A pedagogical agent is an anthropomorphic virtual character used in an online learning environment to serve instructional purposes. The design of pedagogical agents changes over time depending on the desired objectives for them. This article is a systematic review of the research from 2007 to 2017 related to the design factors of pedagogical agents and their impact on learning environments. The objective of this review is to identify and analyze pedagogical agents through the context in which they are constructed, the independent variables used in pedagogical agent research, and the impact of the pedagogical agent implementation. The review found that research on the design of pedagogical agents has different forms, namely text, voice, 2-D character, 3-D character, and human. The independent variables used in the studies are categorized into the appearance of agents and the role of agents. Moreover, the combination of pedagogical agent designs and role designs of pedagogical agents has significant positive impacts on student learning and student behavior. Recommendations are also provided at the end of this review.
AB - A pedagogical agent is an anthropomorphic virtual character used in an online learning environment to serve instructional purposes. The design of pedagogical agents changes over time depending on the desired objectives for them. This article is a systematic review of the research from 2007 to 2017 related to the design factors of pedagogical agents and their impact on learning environments. The objective of this review is to identify and analyze pedagogical agents through the context in which they are constructed, the independent variables used in pedagogical agent research, and the impact of the pedagogical agent implementation. The review found that research on the design of pedagogical agents has different forms, namely text, voice, 2-D character, 3-D character, and human. The independent variables used in the studies are categorized into the appearance of agents and the role of agents. Moreover, the combination of pedagogical agent designs and role designs of pedagogical agents has significant positive impacts on student learning and student behavior. Recommendations are also provided at the end of this review.
KW - Agent role
KW - E-learning
KW - Learning motivation
KW - Learning outcome
KW - Pedagogical agent
KW - Systematic literature review
KW - Teachable agent
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85067845099&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.9743/jeo.2019.16.1.8
DO - 10.9743/jeo.2019.16.1.8
M3 - Review article
AN - SCOPUS:85067845099
SN - 1547-500X
VL - 16
JO - Journal of Educators Online
JF - Journal of Educators Online
IS - 1
ER -