The burden of regional development planning in Indonesia: A case study of discrepancies between land use and spatial planning document in Banten province

Regional development should be synchronized with its planning and implementation to meet the national challenge. Moreover, Indonesia frequently faces issues of land use discrepancies due to the unexpected population growth, which makes land scarcer. By grouping the issues into the socio-economic and infrastructure categories, this study tries to determine to what extent the spatial use is in accordance with the governmental spatial planning document in the case of Banten province, in the years 2011 and 2015. Using the method of Geographical Information Systems and multiple regression analysis, the study reveals which land uses tend to experience the most irregularities. The results suggest that there is a wide gap between the existing land use in Banten and the spatial planning document. The findings interestingly show that land use has changed due to agriculture, industry, housing, and trade or services as well as the population, which significantly affects the discrepancies of land use in Banten Province. It becomes the key factor that forces the stakeholders to disregard the spatial planning document. These findings can serve as the basis to advocate better policy alternatives on spatial planning, control and management to create sustainable development.