The Association of Dietary Intake, Oral Health, and Blood Pressure in Older Adults: A Cross-Sectional Observational Study

Pinta Marito, Yoko Hasegawa, Kayoko Tamaki, Ma Therese Ma, Tasuku Yoshimoto, Hiroshi Kusunoki, Shotaro Tsuji, Yosuke Wada, Takahiro Ono, Takashi Sawada, Hiromitsu Kishimoto, Ken Shinmura

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

12 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Hypertension is related to impaired mastication that causes malnutrition, declining the general health of older adults. This study assessed the role of dietary intake in the relationship between oral health and blood pressure. Eight hundred ninety-four adults aged ≥65 years who independently lived in rural regions of Japan participated in this study. Hypertension was classified according to the guidelines of the Japanese Society of Hypertension. The oral condition was evaluated by analyzing the remaining teeth, occlusal force, posterior occlusal support, masticatory performance, oral moisture, and oral bacterial level. Dietary intake was assessed using a brief self-administered dietary history questionnaire. Mann-Whitney U, chi-square, Kruskal-Wallis tests, and logistic regression analyses were used to elucidate the factors related to hypertension. Normotensive, hypertensive, and history of hypertension were observed in 30.9%, 23.8%, and 45.3% of the participants, respectively. The factors significantly associated with the hypertension were age, body mass index, posterior occlusal support condition, and sodium-to-potassium ratio related to salt intake and/or vegetable intake. Participants without posterior occlusion significantly had higher risk of hypertension (odds ratio = 1.72). This study suggested that there was an association between oral health and hypertension, while the loss of occlusal support may influence nutritional intake conditions.

Original languageEnglish
Article number1279
JournalNutrients
Volume14
Issue number6
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 1 Mar 2022

Keywords

  • Blood pressure
  • Brief-type self-administered diet history questionnaire
  • Dietary intake
  • Hypertension
  • Oral health

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