TY - JOUR
T1 - Tenth year reenrollment randomized trial investigating the effects of childhood probiotics and calcium supplementation on height and weight at adolescence
AU - Setiawan, Evania Astella
AU - Rianda, Davrina
AU - Kadim, Muzal
AU - Meilianawati,
AU - Susanto, Fenny
AU - Kok, Frans J.
AU - Shankar, Anuraj H.
AU - Agustina, Rina
N1 - Funding Information:
We thank the adolescents and their parents for their participation in this re-enrollment follow-up study, as well as the community health volunteers (kaders) who traced all the subjects from the original study. The primary intervention study was organized by Rina Agustina as the Principal Investigator with a grant from Tops Institute of Food and Nutrition, Wageningen, Netherlands, in collaboration with the Southeast Asian Ministers of Education Organization Regional Center for Food and Nutrition (SEAMEO RECFON), Jakarta, Indonesia, with organization support from NIZO food research, Netherlands, Unilever Research and Development, Vlaardingen, Netherlands, FrieslandCampina Research, Deventer, Netherlands, and Wageningen University. We thank the team from the original study (Late Prof. Agus Firmansyah, MD, PhD, Widjaja Lukito, MD, PhD, Ruud Albers, PhD, Ellen G. H. M. van den Heuvel, PhD, and Ingeborg Bovee-Oudenhove, PhD) for their supports. The primary papers were published in Pediatrics (Pediatrics 2012;129:e1155–e1164) and The Journal of Nutrition (J. Nutr. 2013;143:1184–1193).
Funding Information:
This study was supported by a 2018 grant from the Universitas Indonesia Student Final Project International Indexed Publication Initiative (PITTA).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021, The Author(s).
PY - 2021/12
Y1 - 2021/12
N2 - Microbiota and its modification with specific probiotics in early life could provide long term health benefits. Probiotics and calcium strengthen intestinal integrity and may support linear growth. This study investigated the long-term effects of childhood probiotics and calcium supplementation on growth in adolescence. We re-enrolled 238 adolescents aged 11–18 years from 494 children 10-years after 6-months of supplementation with either low-lactose milk fortified with low levels of calcium (LC, ∼50 mg/day, n = 53/124), with regular levels of calcium (RC, ∼440 mg/day, n = 70/126), or with regular calcium + 5 x 108 CFU/day Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 (Reuteri, n = 55/124), or regular calcium + 5 x 108 CFU/day L. casei CRL 431 (Casei, n = 60/120). Changes in height-for-age z-score (HAZ) and body mass index-for-age z-score (BMIZ) were determined from the end of intervention to re-enrollment. General linear models were used to assess the effects on HAZ and BMIZ of group, gender, living area, maternal education, family income, physical activity, diet quality, nutritional status, and gut integrity as determined by urinary lactulose/mannitol ratio (L:M). Adolescent mean age was 15.3 years, mean HAZ was − 1.11, mean BMIZ was − 0.2 and median L:M (n = 155) was 0.23. Changes in HAZ and BMIZ were not significantly different between Casei, Reuteri, LC compared to RC. However, a significant decrease in BMIZ was observed among female adolescents in the Casei compared to RC group (− 0.5 SD, 95% CI − 0.8 to − 0.003, p = 0.048). Childhood probiotic and calcium supplementation may therefore selectively affect female adolescents. Clinical trial registration: This follow-up study has been registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov, Registry name: Rina Agustina, Registration number: NCT04046289, First Registration Date 06/08/19. web link: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04046289.
AB - Microbiota and its modification with specific probiotics in early life could provide long term health benefits. Probiotics and calcium strengthen intestinal integrity and may support linear growth. This study investigated the long-term effects of childhood probiotics and calcium supplementation on growth in adolescence. We re-enrolled 238 adolescents aged 11–18 years from 494 children 10-years after 6-months of supplementation with either low-lactose milk fortified with low levels of calcium (LC, ∼50 mg/day, n = 53/124), with regular levels of calcium (RC, ∼440 mg/day, n = 70/126), or with regular calcium + 5 x 108 CFU/day Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 (Reuteri, n = 55/124), or regular calcium + 5 x 108 CFU/day L. casei CRL 431 (Casei, n = 60/120). Changes in height-for-age z-score (HAZ) and body mass index-for-age z-score (BMIZ) were determined from the end of intervention to re-enrollment. General linear models were used to assess the effects on HAZ and BMIZ of group, gender, living area, maternal education, family income, physical activity, diet quality, nutritional status, and gut integrity as determined by urinary lactulose/mannitol ratio (L:M). Adolescent mean age was 15.3 years, mean HAZ was − 1.11, mean BMIZ was − 0.2 and median L:M (n = 155) was 0.23. Changes in HAZ and BMIZ were not significantly different between Casei, Reuteri, LC compared to RC. However, a significant decrease in BMIZ was observed among female adolescents in the Casei compared to RC group (− 0.5 SD, 95% CI − 0.8 to − 0.003, p = 0.048). Childhood probiotic and calcium supplementation may therefore selectively affect female adolescents. Clinical trial registration: This follow-up study has been registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov, Registry name: Rina Agustina, Registration number: NCT04046289, First Registration Date 06/08/19. web link: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04046289.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85107265110&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1038/s41598-021-88819-y
DO - 10.1038/s41598-021-88819-y
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85107265110
SN - 2045-2322
VL - 11
JO - Scientific reports
JF - Scientific reports
IS - 1
M1 - 11860
ER -