Tantangan dan Strategi Penerapan Adaptasi Dokter Spesialis Lulusan Luar Negeri di Rumah Sakit: Systematic Literature Review

Introduction: The shortage of specialist doctors can be overcome by supplying foreign-trained doctors. The supply of foreign-trained specialist doctors is an alternative to providing specialist services in hospitals. Despite their important role in providing specialist services, there are still challenges and obstacles in adapting foreign-trained doctors to hospitals. Objective: This study aims to explore the adaptation experiences of foreign-trained specialist doctors in various countries, both in the form of challenges and strategies to overcome them during the hospital adaptation period. Method: Systematic review using PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review or Meta-Analysis) guidelines. Data were searched using search engines, namely Pubmed, Proquest, and Scopus from 2018 to 2023. The author used inclusion and exclusion criteria to identify studies to be reviewed. There were 12 studies that met the inclusion criteria. Result: There were 12 studies that met the inclusion criteria from 1070 articles. The challenges in implementing the adaptation of foreign-trained doctors in various countries are differences in language and culture, providing adaptation support facilities, the stigma of accepting and discriminating against foreign graduates, and different health service systems and standards. Several studies provide strategies to face the challenges of implementing adaptation, including understanding local language and cultural traditions, providing physiological and psychological needs for foreign-trained specialist doctors, mentoring and training related to health systems and regulations. Conclusion: Fulfilling the physiological and psychological needs of foreign-trained doctors is very important to prepare for the adaptation location. Mentoring and training related to health systems and regulations provide provisions for foreign-trained doctors to implement hospital adaptations. These strategies need to receive strengthened support from the Government. Strengthening support in the form of infrastructure preparation, training, and regulations.