Tannin screening, phenolic compounds analysis, and antiproliferative activity of areca nut extract by decreasing ki-67 protein in oral squamous carcinoma cell lines

The target of cancer therapy based on chemoradiotherapy or herbal medicine is to inhibit the cancer cell proliferation. Due to the current interest in the potential activity of areca nut extract, we investigated its ability to affect cell-cycle arrest and Ki-67 activity in Oral Squamous Carcinoma (OSC) cell lines. The tannin content was estimated by titrimetric analysis. The phenolic composition was analyzed using Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (LC-MS). Flow cytometry was performed for analyzing cell-cycle arrest and Ki-67 protein as an indicator of the proliferative activity in HSC-2 and HSC-3 cell lines. The areca nut extract showed 0.007% tannin, catechin, and quercetin. The cell-cycle arrest occurred in HSC-3 cells. The reduction of Ki-67 activities occurred in both cells after 24 hours. The areca nut extract has antiproliferative activity in OSC cell lines.