TY - JOUR
T1 - Synthesis of Lithium Titanate (Li4Ti5O12) through hydrothermal process by using Lithium Hydroxide (LiOH) and Titanium Dioxide (TiO2) xerogel
AU - Priyono, Bambang
AU - Syahrial, Anne Zulfia
AU - Yuwono, Akhmad Herman
AU - Kartini, Evvy
AU - Marfelly, Mario
AU - Rahmatulloh, Wahid Muhamad Furkon
PY - 2015
Y1 - 2015
N2 - Lithium Titanate (Li4Ti5O12) or (LTO) has a potential as an anode material for a high performance lithium ion battery. In this work, LTO was synthesized by a hydrothermal method using Titanium Dioxide (TiO2) xerogel prepared by a sol-gel method and Lithium Hydroxide (LiOH). The sol-gel process was used to synthesize TiO2 xerogel from a titanium tetra-n-butoxide/Ti(OC4H9)4 precursor. An anatase polymorph was obtained by calcining the TiO2 xerogel at a low temperature, i.e.: 300°C and then the hydrothermal reaction was undertaken with 5M LiOH aqueous solution in a hydrothermal process at 135°C for 15 hours to form Li4Ti5O12. The sintering process was conducted at a temperature range varying from 550°C, 650°C, and 750°C, respectively to determine the optimum characteristics of Li4Ti5O12. The characterization was based on Scanning Thermal Analysis (STA), X-ray Powder Diffraction (XRD), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) testing results. The highest intensity of XRD peaks and FTIR spectra of the LTO were found at the highest sintering temperature (750°C). As a trade-off, however, the obtained LTO/Li4Ti5O12 possesses the smallest BET surface area (< 0.001 m2/g) with the highest crystallite size (56.45 nm).
AB - Lithium Titanate (Li4Ti5O12) or (LTO) has a potential as an anode material for a high performance lithium ion battery. In this work, LTO was synthesized by a hydrothermal method using Titanium Dioxide (TiO2) xerogel prepared by a sol-gel method and Lithium Hydroxide (LiOH). The sol-gel process was used to synthesize TiO2 xerogel from a titanium tetra-n-butoxide/Ti(OC4H9)4 precursor. An anatase polymorph was obtained by calcining the TiO2 xerogel at a low temperature, i.e.: 300°C and then the hydrothermal reaction was undertaken with 5M LiOH aqueous solution in a hydrothermal process at 135°C for 15 hours to form Li4Ti5O12. The sintering process was conducted at a temperature range varying from 550°C, 650°C, and 750°C, respectively to determine the optimum characteristics of Li4Ti5O12. The characterization was based on Scanning Thermal Analysis (STA), X-ray Powder Diffraction (XRD), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM), Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) testing results. The highest intensity of XRD peaks and FTIR spectra of the LTO were found at the highest sintering temperature (750°C). As a trade-off, however, the obtained LTO/Li4Ti5O12 possesses the smallest BET surface area (< 0.001 m2/g) with the highest crystallite size (56.45 nm).
KW - Anode material
KW - Hydrothermal
KW - Li-ion battery
KW - LiTiO
KW - Sintering
KW - Sol-gel
KW - TiO xerogel
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84947072581&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.14716/ijtech.v6i4.1965
DO - 10.14716/ijtech.v6i4.1965
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:84947072581
VL - 6
SP - 555
EP - 564
JO - International Journal of Technology
JF - International Journal of Technology
SN - 2086-9614
IS - 4
ER -