Synthesis of camphor thiazole derivates from Dryobalanops aromatica and its bioactivity as antioxidants and antidiabetes against alpha glucosidase enzymes

Camphor is synthesized from the Sumatran camphor plant (Dryobalanops aromatica) in previous experiments. It can be synthesized with thiosemicarbazide, ethy-2‑chloro acetoacetate, and sodium acetate (catalyze) to form camphor derivate with thiazole ring structure. Hydrazine and phenylhydrazine were both used to make the thiazole ring variations. All the compounds were purified by recrystallization method and characterized by TLC, FTIR, UV–vis, and LC-MS. Camphor thiazole (Product 1), camphor thiazole hydrazine (Product 2), and camphor thiazole phenylhydrazine (Product 3) were successfully synthesized with%yields of 73.24 %; 77.36 %; and 72.91 % respectively. Furthermore, their antioxidant activity was measured using the DPPH free radical method. Product 2 had the strongest antioxidant activity with IC₅₀ value of 6.93 ppm. The antidiabetic activity was measured using the α-glucosidase enzyme. This indicated that product 1 had the best inhibitory activity against the α-glucosidase enzyme with IC₅₀ values of 869.06 ppm. • We developed an alternative method to utilize camphor extracted from the D. aromatica plant to be used as an alternative medicinal ingredient related to antioxidants and antidiabetes. • All products were successfully synthesized and have the potential to be used as antioxidants with an IC₅₀ value of 6.93 ppm for Product 2 and as antidiabetics by means of an α-glucosidase inhibitor with an IC₅₀ value of 869.06 ppm for Product 1.