Synthesis, characterisation and catalytic activity of V₂O₅ nanoparticles using Foeniculum vulgare stem extract

A green synthesis route of metal oxide has been developed to synthesize the V₂O₅ nanoparticles. V₂O₅ was synthesized using Foeniculum vulgare stems extract (FSE) and ammonium monovanadate as precursors. The role of secondary metabolite compounds affect the particle size of V₂O₅. The crystalline phase and crystallite size of V₂O₅ were investigated by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) with the orthorhombic crystalline phase and the average crystallite size around 78.6 nm. The presence of functional groups was evaluated by Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR). The morphology, particle size, and chemical composition of V₂O₅ were analyzed by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Tunneling Electron Microscopy (TEM) and Energy Dispersive X-Ray (EDX). V₂O₅ nanoparticles show a good catalytic activity for the reduction of methylene blue (MB).