Synthesis and Deposition of High Crystallinity Cu₂ZnSnS₄ (CZTS) Using Dip Coating Method

Kesterite Cu₂ZnSnS₄ (CZTS) thin film was successfully obtained using simple dip coating Synthesis of CZTS consist of mixing copper chloride, zinc chloride, tin chloride, and thiourea into a mixture of ethanol and ethanolamine to make CZTS suspension. Soda lime glass was used as a different substrate for dip coating method. Dip coating method uses 3 cycles of dip and drying at 170°C to remove ethanol and ethanolamine and then the sample was annealed at 550°C in argon atmosphere. X-ray diffraction was used to check the formation of kesterite before and after annealing. After annealing the diffraction pattern shown high crystallinity of kesterite with little secondary phase. Using Scherrer equation we can predict the crystallite size of CZTS before and after annealing. The scanning electron microscope was used to show the morphology of the CZTS before and after annealing. It is shown that although the grain was distributed homogenously a void can be seen throughout the surface. Optical properties of samples were checked before and after annealing using UV-vis Spectrometer. The result shows that dip coating method could create a good properties CZTS.