Synthesis and cytotoxic activities of hexyl-esters derivatives of gallic acid against MCF-7 cell line

Gallic acid is found in many plants, fruits, and foods where the anti-cancer activity is found. However, gallic acid has a problem on the high polarity and low bio availability. So, it takes molecular modifications in order to increase its lipophilicity, which is expected to increase bio availability and cytotoxic activity of gallic acid. Hexyl esters derivatives of gallic acid were synthesized and characterized by spectrometer ¹H-NMR, ¹³C-NMR, mass spectrometry and infrared spectrophotometer (FTIR). All compounds were then evaluated for cytotoxic activity on MCF-7 cell line using MTT method. Compound cis-2′-hexenyl-3,4,5-trimethoxygallate (19) had the lowest IC50 value compared with gallic acid and other derivatives hexyl esters. IC50 value of cis-2′-hexenyl-3,4,5-trimethoxygallate (19) is 14.48 μg/ml. Compound (19) also has approached with IC50 values of gossypol as a positive control. Compound (19) is a potential compound to inhibit growth of MCF-7 cell line.