Study on the Implementation of Multimodal Continuous Authentication in Smartphones: A Systematic Review

Profound societal shifts result from the inception of the 4.0 age of the Industrial Revolution and rapid technological advancements. The widespread adoption of e-services has resulted in substantial reliance on smartphones to access diverse offerings. Even so, account breaches and data leaks are risks that users take when they rely so heavily on their smartphones. Authentication is an essential method of safeguarding personal information. The purpose of this study is to undertake a thorough review of the literature on the deployment and trends of multimodal biometric authentication on smartphones. The studies will look at several biometric modalities, such as behavioral and physiological characteristics, and the algorithms for pattern recognition used in continuous authentication systems. The results show various biometric authenticators and emphasize the importance of behavioral features in smartphone authentication. In addition, the research underlines the significance of machine learning algorithms in pattern identification for rapid and accurate analysis. This study helps to understand the present authentication technique landscape and gives ideas for future advances in safe and user-friendly smartphone authentication systems.