TY - JOUR
T1 - Stress before and during pregnancy increased risk antepartum depression
AU - Ismail, Raden Irawati
N1 - Funding Information:
The author wishes to thank Prof. Bambang Sutrisna (School of Public Health, University of Indonesia) and Prof. Sasanto Wibisono (Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia) for technical assistance in the preparation on this study. Special thanks are extended to the Director, colleagues, and staff of the Persahabatan General Hospital in Jakarta and Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital, the Chairman and colleagues of the Department of Psychiatry Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital/University of Indonesia Faculty of Medicine, and the study subjects for their invaluable support and cooperation in this study. And lastly to Prof. Bastaman Basuki and dr. Minarma Siagian who reviewed earlier drafts of this manuscript that improved the final product.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2003, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia. All rights reserved.
PY - 2003/4/1
Y1 - 2003/4/1
N2 - This paper presents the risk of antepartum depression (APD) among pregnant women. In particular stress before pregnancy, stress during pregnancy, marital relationship, social support, husband’s mental status and monthly expenditure. The subjects consisted of 580 pregnant women in the third trimester, who attended antenatal care at the Department of Obstetrics of the Persahabatan Hospital Jakarta from November 1, 1999 to August 15, 2001. Antepartum depression was screened by a psychiatrist using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). Information on demographic and personal characteristics were collected from fill-in form. Through this form, the respondent gave information on stress before and during pregnancy, and from questionnaires Kuestioner Dukungan Sosial (KDS), Kesesuaian Hubungan Suami Istri (KHSI) and the Symptom Check List-90 (SCL-90) information about social support, marital relationship, and husband’s mental status were collected respectively. The prevalence of APD was 18%. Antepartum depression and non-antepartum depression were similar in terms of age groups, level of education, occupations, monthly expenditures, number of pregnancies, number of children, number of deliveries, physical health condition, and history of premenstrual syndromes. Pregnant women with stress before pregnancy had a two-fold risk of APD [adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 2.04; 95% confidence intervals (CI): 1.12 – 3.74] compared to pregnant women without stress before pregnancy. In addition, when compared to pregnant women without stress during pregnancy, those with stress during pregnancy had 2.2-fold risk of developing APD (adjusted OR=2.13, 95% CI: 1,27-3,74). In conclusion, stress before and during pregnancy increased the risk antepartum depression. Therefore, attention should be paid to pregnant women with these risk factors.
AB - This paper presents the risk of antepartum depression (APD) among pregnant women. In particular stress before pregnancy, stress during pregnancy, marital relationship, social support, husband’s mental status and monthly expenditure. The subjects consisted of 580 pregnant women in the third trimester, who attended antenatal care at the Department of Obstetrics of the Persahabatan Hospital Jakarta from November 1, 1999 to August 15, 2001. Antepartum depression was screened by a psychiatrist using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). Information on demographic and personal characteristics were collected from fill-in form. Through this form, the respondent gave information on stress before and during pregnancy, and from questionnaires Kuestioner Dukungan Sosial (KDS), Kesesuaian Hubungan Suami Istri (KHSI) and the Symptom Check List-90 (SCL-90) information about social support, marital relationship, and husband’s mental status were collected respectively. The prevalence of APD was 18%. Antepartum depression and non-antepartum depression were similar in terms of age groups, level of education, occupations, monthly expenditures, number of pregnancies, number of children, number of deliveries, physical health condition, and history of premenstrual syndromes. Pregnant women with stress before pregnancy had a two-fold risk of APD [adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 2.04; 95% confidence intervals (CI): 1.12 – 3.74] compared to pregnant women without stress before pregnancy. In addition, when compared to pregnant women without stress during pregnancy, those with stress during pregnancy had 2.2-fold risk of developing APD (adjusted OR=2.13, 95% CI: 1,27-3,74). In conclusion, stress before and during pregnancy increased the risk antepartum depression. Therefore, attention should be paid to pregnant women with these risk factors.
KW - Antepartum depression
KW - Stress before pregnancy
KW - Stress during pregnancy
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85008631617&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.13181/mji.v12i2.96
DO - 10.13181/mji.v12i2.96
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85008631617
VL - 12
SP - 81
EP - 86
JO - Medical Journal of Indonesia
JF - Medical Journal of Indonesia
SN - 0853-1773
IS - 2
ER -