TY - JOUR
T1 - Sinergicity test of silver nanoparticles and clindamycin against staphylococcus aureus
AU - Haryanti, Novi
AU - Iskandarsyah, null
AU - Rosana, Yeva
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors would like to thank the National Drug and Food Agency of Republik Indonesia that funded this research. We also want to thank the staff of Microbiology Laboratory, Faculty of Medical Universitas Indonesia, who have assisted in this research.
Funding Information:
The authors would like to thank the National Drug and Food Agency of Republik Indonesia that funded this research. We also want to thank the staff of Microbiology Laboratory, Faculty of Medical Universitas Indonesia, who have assisted in this research
Publisher Copyright:
© 2020, J. K. Welfare and Pharmascope Foundation. All rights reserved.
PY - 2020/1/6
Y1 - 2020/1/6
N2 - Acne is a chronic inflammatory disease. The pathogenesis of acne is multi-factorial; one of them is caused by an overgrowth of microbes like S. aureus. Clindamycin is one of the antibiotics recommended for acne therapy. Still, the use of clindamycin causes various side effects such as changes in intestinal function associated with intestinal flora, pseudomembranous colitis, and increases the risk of resistance. Silver nanoparticles are potent antimicro-bials, have broad-spectrum activity, and can reduce the development of resistance. Despite having potent activity, the long-term use of silver nanoparticles is reported to have side effects argyria. The use of antimicrobial combinations is a strategy to reduce side effects and increase the effectiveness of therapy. Antimicrobial combinations can use low concentrations but still have the potential to inhibit microbial growth. This research aim is to determine the antibacterial synergism of a combination of silver nanoparticles and clindamycin against S. aureus. Determination of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of silver nanoparticles, clindamycin, and synergism test was carried out by microdilution using 96-well microplate. Synergy test is carried out using the Checkerboard method by calculating the value of the Fractional Index Concentration (FIC). The results showed the MIC values of silver nanoparticles and clindamycin were 16 µg/ml and 64 µg/ml, respectively. The synergy test of the combination of silver nanoparticles yielding an FIC value of 0.75. Based on the result of the study, it was concluded that the combination of silver nanoparticles and clindamycin had partial synergy properties. The Minimum bactericidal Concentration (MBC) value clindamycin alone compared in combination with silver nanoparticles 16 µg/ml reduces from 256 µg/ml to 128 µg/ml. Combinations of silver nanoparticle and clindamycin are the potential to reduce side effects and overcome resistance.
AB - Acne is a chronic inflammatory disease. The pathogenesis of acne is multi-factorial; one of them is caused by an overgrowth of microbes like S. aureus. Clindamycin is one of the antibiotics recommended for acne therapy. Still, the use of clindamycin causes various side effects such as changes in intestinal function associated with intestinal flora, pseudomembranous colitis, and increases the risk of resistance. Silver nanoparticles are potent antimicro-bials, have broad-spectrum activity, and can reduce the development of resistance. Despite having potent activity, the long-term use of silver nanoparticles is reported to have side effects argyria. The use of antimicrobial combinations is a strategy to reduce side effects and increase the effectiveness of therapy. Antimicrobial combinations can use low concentrations but still have the potential to inhibit microbial growth. This research aim is to determine the antibacterial synergism of a combination of silver nanoparticles and clindamycin against S. aureus. Determination of the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of silver nanoparticles, clindamycin, and synergism test was carried out by microdilution using 96-well microplate. Synergy test is carried out using the Checkerboard method by calculating the value of the Fractional Index Concentration (FIC). The results showed the MIC values of silver nanoparticles and clindamycin were 16 µg/ml and 64 µg/ml, respectively. The synergy test of the combination of silver nanoparticles yielding an FIC value of 0.75. Based on the result of the study, it was concluded that the combination of silver nanoparticles and clindamycin had partial synergy properties. The Minimum bactericidal Concentration (MBC) value clindamycin alone compared in combination with silver nanoparticles 16 µg/ml reduces from 256 µg/ml to 128 µg/ml. Combinations of silver nanoparticle and clindamycin are the potential to reduce side effects and overcome resistance.
KW - Aureus
KW - Clindamycin
KW - S
KW - Silver nanoparticles
KW - Synergism
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85079641956&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.26452/ijrps.v11i1.1957
DO - 10.26452/ijrps.v11i1.1957
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85079641956
SN - 0975-7538
VL - 11
SP - 1192
EP - 1198
JO - International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences
JF - International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences
IS - 1
ER -