TY - JOUR
T1 - Self-awareness as the key to successful adherence to antiretroviral therapy among people living with HIV in Indonesia
T2 - A grounded theory study
AU - Yona, Sri
AU - Edison, Chiyar
AU - Nursasi, Astuti Yuni
AU - Ismail, Rita
N1 - Funding Information:
This work is supported by the Directorate of Research and Community Engagement, University of Indonesia (Grant for novice researchers).
Publisher Copyright:
© The Author(s) 2023.
PY - 2023/3
Y1 - 2023/3
N2 - Background: Adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) continues to pose a significant challenge for people living with HIV (PLWH). Non-adherence to ART can have far-reaching implications for patient well-being, particularly in increasing the risk of opportunistic infections when medication is not taken as prescribed. Objective: This study aimed to develop a theoretical model that explains how PLWH in Indonesia adhere to their ART regimen and the strategies they follow to maintain adherence. Methods: The study used a grounded theory approach. Data were collected through face-to-face in-depth interviews with 21 PLWH who had been taking ART for six months or more at a non-governmental organization (NGO) in Jakarta, Indonesia, between July 2019 and November 2019. Theoretical sampling was used, and the data analysis method of Corbin and Strauss was utilized, including open coding, axis coding, and selective coding. Results: Three stages were identified as a process of adherence to the ART regimen: 1) initiating ART, 2) missing the connection, and 3) taking control. Self-awareness was identified as the central core theme describing the ART adherence process. Conclusion: Having adequate self-awareness to take ART regularly is crucial to improving adherence to ART. Moreover, social support from one's spouse and family members can help patients maintain adherence. Therefore, self-awareness and support systems should be included as components in nursing interventions when starting ART therapy. In addition, nurses can help identify potential support persons and provide information related to ART therapy.
AB - Background: Adherence to antiretroviral therapy (ART) continues to pose a significant challenge for people living with HIV (PLWH). Non-adherence to ART can have far-reaching implications for patient well-being, particularly in increasing the risk of opportunistic infections when medication is not taken as prescribed. Objective: This study aimed to develop a theoretical model that explains how PLWH in Indonesia adhere to their ART regimen and the strategies they follow to maintain adherence. Methods: The study used a grounded theory approach. Data were collected through face-to-face in-depth interviews with 21 PLWH who had been taking ART for six months or more at a non-governmental organization (NGO) in Jakarta, Indonesia, between July 2019 and November 2019. Theoretical sampling was used, and the data analysis method of Corbin and Strauss was utilized, including open coding, axis coding, and selective coding. Results: Three stages were identified as a process of adherence to the ART regimen: 1) initiating ART, 2) missing the connection, and 3) taking control. Self-awareness was identified as the central core theme describing the ART adherence process. Conclusion: Having adequate self-awareness to take ART regularly is crucial to improving adherence to ART. Moreover, social support from one's spouse and family members can help patients maintain adherence. Therefore, self-awareness and support systems should be included as components in nursing interventions when starting ART therapy. In addition, nurses can help identify potential support persons and provide information related to ART therapy.
KW - adherence
KW - antiretroviral agents
KW - grounded theory
KW - HIV infections
KW - Indonesia
KW - social support
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85161682686&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.33546/bnj.2480
DO - 10.33546/bnj.2480
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85161682686
SN - 2477-4073
VL - 9
SP - 176
EP - 183
JO - Belitung Nursing Journal
JF - Belitung Nursing Journal
IS - 2
ER -