TY - JOUR
T1 - Screening of α-glucosidase inhibitors from Terminalia catappa L. Fruits using molecular docking method and in vitro test
AU - Sari, Bina Lohita
AU - Mun’Im, Abdul
AU - Yanuar, Arry
AU - Riadhi, Rezi
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2016 The Authors.
PY - 2016
Y1 - 2016
N2 - Objective: Terminalia catappa L. (T. catappa L.) fruit has inhibitory activity on α-glucosidase, therefore, can be a potential natural source for the treatment of type II diabetes mellitus. Inhibitory activity of ethanol fruit extract with IC503.02 μg/ml was the strongest inhibition when compared with 54 medicinal plants used as an antidiabetic agentin Indonesia. This project was aimed to find the active compound from T. catappa L. fruit using molecular docking, identification ethyl acetate subfraction using TLC and GC-MC, determine in vitro test on α-glucosidase inhibitory activity from ethyl acetate extract and subfraction. Methods: Molecular docking using AutoDock 4.2 was performed to predict the binding modes of α-glucosidase enzyme from Saccharomyces cereviciae with 13 chemical constituents of T. catappa. α-Glucosidase enzyme was obtained from Protein Data Bank (PDB code: 3A4A). Acarbose, voglibose and miglitol were used as standards. Docking result determines the highest binding energy (ΔG) and inhibition constants (Ki) as an active compound. Visualization of amino acid residues around the active compound was identified with PyMOL and LigPlot. Screening of active compound was carried out by T. catappa L. fruit remaceration extraction use hexane and ethyl acetate. Ethyl acetate extract was separated on silica gel column chromatography using n-hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol sequentially based on polarity of each solvent. Identification of an active compound from ethyl acetate sub fractions using TLC and GC-MS method. The inhibitory activity of the active compound of α-glucosidase was determined with in vitro test using α-glucosidase enzyme. Results: The highest binding energy and inhibition constant is β–sitosterol with ΔG-10.61 kcal/mol and Ki 0.02 μM. The ligand was situated around of 18 amino acid residues. Ethyl acetate subfractions A, B and C showed that subfraction B contains similar spot characteristic and Rf value (0.42) with β-Sitosterol standard. Identification with GC-MS gave β–sitosterol acetate and sitostenone. Redocking process of β–sitosterol acetate and sitostenone showed ΔG-11.14 kcal/mol and-9.79 kcal/mol with Ki 0.01 μM and 0.07 μM respectively. In vitro test of acarbose, ethyl acetate extract and subfraction B gave IC5017.52; 192.51 and 296.28 μg/ml. Conclusion: Three steroids that are β-sitosterol, β-sitosterol acetate and sitostenone were the active compounds responsible for α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of T. catappa L. fruit. According to the in vitro test, ethyl acetate extract has stronger α-glucosidase inhibitory activity than ethyl acetate subfraction B.
AB - Objective: Terminalia catappa L. (T. catappa L.) fruit has inhibitory activity on α-glucosidase, therefore, can be a potential natural source for the treatment of type II diabetes mellitus. Inhibitory activity of ethanol fruit extract with IC503.02 μg/ml was the strongest inhibition when compared with 54 medicinal plants used as an antidiabetic agentin Indonesia. This project was aimed to find the active compound from T. catappa L. fruit using molecular docking, identification ethyl acetate subfraction using TLC and GC-MC, determine in vitro test on α-glucosidase inhibitory activity from ethyl acetate extract and subfraction. Methods: Molecular docking using AutoDock 4.2 was performed to predict the binding modes of α-glucosidase enzyme from Saccharomyces cereviciae with 13 chemical constituents of T. catappa. α-Glucosidase enzyme was obtained from Protein Data Bank (PDB code: 3A4A). Acarbose, voglibose and miglitol were used as standards. Docking result determines the highest binding energy (ΔG) and inhibition constants (Ki) as an active compound. Visualization of amino acid residues around the active compound was identified with PyMOL and LigPlot. Screening of active compound was carried out by T. catappa L. fruit remaceration extraction use hexane and ethyl acetate. Ethyl acetate extract was separated on silica gel column chromatography using n-hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol sequentially based on polarity of each solvent. Identification of an active compound from ethyl acetate sub fractions using TLC and GC-MS method. The inhibitory activity of the active compound of α-glucosidase was determined with in vitro test using α-glucosidase enzyme. Results: The highest binding energy and inhibition constant is β–sitosterol with ΔG-10.61 kcal/mol and Ki 0.02 μM. The ligand was situated around of 18 amino acid residues. Ethyl acetate subfractions A, B and C showed that subfraction B contains similar spot characteristic and Rf value (0.42) with β-Sitosterol standard. Identification with GC-MS gave β–sitosterol acetate and sitostenone. Redocking process of β–sitosterol acetate and sitostenone showed ΔG-11.14 kcal/mol and-9.79 kcal/mol with Ki 0.01 μM and 0.07 μM respectively. In vitro test of acarbose, ethyl acetate extract and subfraction B gave IC5017.52; 192.51 and 296.28 μg/ml. Conclusion: Three steroids that are β-sitosterol, β-sitosterol acetate and sitostenone were the active compounds responsible for α-glucosidase inhibitory activity of T. catappa L. fruit. According to the in vitro test, ethyl acetate extract has stronger α-glucosidase inhibitory activity than ethyl acetate subfraction B.
KW - Molecular docking
KW - T. catappa L
KW - α-glucosidase inhibitor
KW - β-sitosterol
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85004143335&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.22159/ijpps.2016v8i12.14800
DO - 10.22159/ijpps.2016v8i12.14800
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85004143335
SN - 0975-1491
VL - 8
SP - 184
EP - 189
JO - International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences
JF - International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences
IS - 12
ER -