Scalp pruritus measurement using visual analog scale and 5-D itch scale in children with pediculosis capitis Introduction Pediculosis capitis, caused by Pediculosis humanus capitis

Background Pediculosis capitis is defined as a skin infestation which manifests as scalp itchiness and leads to poor quality of life. To evaluate the quality of life, several instruments can be used, such as 5-D itch scale and visual analog scale (VAS) for pruritus. Objective This study aims to analyze the correlation between VAS for pruritus and 5-D itch scale as well as determine the validity of these instruments in pediatric populations with pediculosis capitis. Methods The cross-sectional study was conducted in two boarding schools in Bogor, West Java, Indonesia in September 2018. The investigators establish the diagnosis by identification of any forms of the lice (adult, eggs, or larva) on the hair. The eligible participants were evaluated with both instruments. Analysis of association between categorical variables was performed with Chi-square test. Analysis of correlation between VAS for pruritus and 5-D itch scale was performed with Spearman's correlation test. Results Among 357 students with pediculosis, female students were more likely to be infected than male students (POR = 3.4 (3.03-3.85), 333 students were able to complete the VAS scale and 312 students were able to complete the 5-D itch scale (P = 0.01). The correlation analysis showed that VAS scale was moderately correlated with 5-D scale in evaluating pruritus on pediculosis capitis patients (p=0.52, P<0.001). Conclusion VAS is simple and valuable tools that can be used to assess the severity and quality of life in pediatric populations with scalp itchiness.