Risk factors of necrotising enterocolitis among 28-34 weeks preterm neonates at a Tertiary Care Hospital, East Java, Indonesia

Brigitta I.R.V. Corebima, Kusworini Handono, Wisnu Barlianto, Dewi Santosaningsih, Rinawati Rohsiswatmo, Eko Sulistijono, Widanto, Indrastuti Normahayu

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

2 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Introduction: Necrotising enterocolitis (NEC) is a serious health problem primarily affects preterm and very low birthweight (VLBW) infants. However, the pathomechanism of NEC remains elusive. This study aimed to analyse the risk factors for NEC among preterm neonates in East Java, Indonesia. Materials and Methods: A single-centre, prospective, case-control study involving 32 subjects of preterm neonates was conducted at a tertiary care hospital in Malang, East Java, Indonesia between January to June 2022. A total of 15 preterm neonates with NEC and 17 preterm neonates without NEC were enrolled in this study. Data on demographic, clinical and laboratory findings were collected. Multiple logistic regression test was performed to analyse the risk factors for NEC development. Further profiling within 15 subjects with NEC, i.e., NEC grade ≥ II, were conducted to collect systemic, abdominal, laboratory, abdominal x-ray (AXR) and blood culture findings. Results: The risk factors related to NEC development in preterm infants were multi-morbidity (adjusted OR = 11.96; 95% CI 1.85 168.38; p = 0.046), antibiotic exposure (OR = 15.95; 95% CI 1.54 165.08; p = 0.020) and requiring advanced neonatal resuscitation at birth (OR = 10.04; 95% CI 1.09 92.11; p = 0.041). Further profiling within NEC cohorts highlighted respiratory distress (86.7%), (oro)gastric retention (80.0%), thrombocytopenia (53.3%), gastrointestinal dilatation in AXR (53.3%), and positive blood culture Klebsiella pneumoniae (40.0%) were most common findings. Conclusion: Preterm neonates with multimorbidity, prolonged antibiotic exposure, and requiring advanced resuscitation at birth were more likely to develop NEC. Early detection of the risk factors and determinant factors for survival may help to improve the clinical outcome.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)458-465
Number of pages8
JournalMedical Journal of Malaysia
Volume78
Issue number4
Publication statusPublished - Jul 2023

Keywords

  • Clinical characteristics
  • necrotising enterocolitis
  • prematurity
  • risk factors

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