Risiko Infeksi COVID-19 pada Tenaga Kesehatan di Rumah Sakit dengan Riwayat Infeksi atau Vaksinasi COVID-19: Systematic Review

The COVID-19 pandemic has lasted for more than a year, resulted in a significant burden on hospitals and also on the health workers as the highest risk of exposure to the SARS-COV-2 virus. Various measures to prevent the transmission of COVID-19 have been carried out and developed, one of which is the vaccination program. Although mortality and morbidity rates from COVID-19 have decreased significantly, there are increasing reports suggesting a risk of reinfection in individuals with previous COVID-19 infection or post vaccination. This study aimed to evaluate the history of COVID-19 infection or vaccination against the incidence of COVID-19 infection among healthcare workers, especially in hospitals. A systematic literature search using keywords was carried out on 4 online databases during March 2020 to June 2021. Then, risk of bias assessment was done and conclusions were drawn. From 10 studies obtained were consistently showing that previous SARS-CoV-2 infection or vaccination reduces the risk of future infection results. However, some studies were still showing the number of COVID-19 infections after the second dose vaccination or previous infections. In conclusion, previous COVID-19 infection or vaccination indeed reduces the risk of future COVID-19 infection. However, vaccinated HCWs are still remain at risk of acquiring SARS-CoV-2 infection. Therefore, consideration should be given that vaccinated individuals will still have to receive revaccination to provide protection against the new emerging variants.