Remediation technologies of ash and soil contaminated by dioxins and relating hazardous compounds

In recent years, contamination of toxic organic compounds such as polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs), and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) into combustion/incineration ash and soil has become a serious environmental problem. Many efforts have been made to develop efficient remediation technologies which remove, neutralize and/or decompose such compounds in solid materials. The remediation technologies may be classified into the following three types: biological (bioremediation), physical/chemical and thermal remediations. The present paper introduces several remediation technologies for ash and soil and discusses their present states of development.