Relationship analysis of noise to hypertension on workers at pharmaceutical products factory X in 2018, Depok City, West Java Province

Background: Noise is defined as an unwanted noise that can cause auditory and non-auditory disorders, such as physiological, psychological, and communication conditions. One of possible physiological effects of noise exposure is can increased secretion of catecholamines and cortisol, which affects the nervous system which then affects the heart rate, and increases blood pressure. According to WHO, hypertension is estimated to cause 7.5 million deaths, about 12.8% of all deaths. Hypertension is a health problem with a high prevalence of 25.8%, in accordance with Basic Health Research Republic of Indonesia’s 2013 data. Objective: The objective in this study to analyze relationship between noise > 85 dB to hypertension. Methods: The research method used is a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods, with cross sectional study design. The sampling technique used in this research is proportionate stratified random sampling with inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data processing was done by univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analysis with 95% confidence interval. In this experiment also conducted laboratory tests to validate and get the biological stress condition data on workers through testing the hormone cortisol by its saliva. Results: There were significant results by statistical testing for independent variables, which are noise, working period, age, hereditary factors, physical activity, use of PPE, BMI, and cortisol salivary value to hypertension. Meanwhile, for the variable smoking behaviour has p value> 0.05. Noise as the main variable has OR 19.067 through multivariate test, after controlled by confounding variables. Conclusions: Workers exposed to noise are at risk for hypertension. The risk for having hypertension will be greater in workers who have worked longer than five years, do no physical activity, do not use PPE, and have an abnormal BMI.