@inproceedings{746fb1a87e1b42708604ee2354e5e2e9,
title = "Reduction process of low-grade chromite sand using calcium carbonate and calcium sulfate as additives and coal as reductant",
abstract = "The magnetic separation and reduction are conducted as a beneficiation process to increase Cr/Fe ratio of low- grade chromite sand. Magnetic separation was performed both before and after the reduction process, which was conducted for 60 minutes at 1000 °C with various reductant amount, i.e. 5 wt.% of lean carbon; stoichiometry; 5 wt.% and 10 wt.% of excess carbon. The 20 wt.% additives of calcium carbonate and calcium sulfate were used in this reduction process. The chromium content and Cr/Fe ratio in chromite sand were 19.27 % and 0.9, respectively. Pretreatment of magnetic separation increased its chromium content and Cr/Fe ratio up to 21.33 % and 1.31, respectively. The optimum result from reduction process followed by magnetic separation was obtained by using stoichiometry reductant with 20 wt.% of calcium carbonates, which resulted in an increased Cr/Fe ratio up to 1.53.",
author = "F. Nurjaman and A. Shofi and U. Herlina and B. Suharno and Faradila, {A. R.} and Laurensia and S. Subandrio",
note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2020 Author(s).; 3rd International Seminar on Metallurgy and Materials: Exploring New Innovation in Metallurgy and Materials, ISMM 2019 ; Conference date: 23-10-2019 Through 24-10-2019",
year = "2020",
month = apr,
day = "21",
doi = "10.1063/5.0001853",
language = "English",
series = "AIP Conference Proceedings",
publisher = "American Institute of Physics Inc.",
editor = "Nono Darsono and Thaha, {Yudi Nugraha} and Aga Ridhova and Ahmad Rhamdani and Utomo, {Muhammad Satrio} and Ridlo, {Faried Miftahur} and Prasetyo, {Mukhlis Agung}",
booktitle = "Proceedings of the 3rd International Seminar on Metallurgy and Materials, ISMM 2019",
address = "United States",
}