TY - JOUR
T1 - Recent Update on PCSK9 and Platelet Activation Experimental Research Methods
T2 - In Vitro and In Vivo Studies
AU - Puteri, Meidi Utami
AU - Azmi, Nuriza Ulul
AU - Ridwan, Salbiah
AU - Iqbal, Muhammad
AU - Fatimah, Tresni
AU - Rini, Tri Diana Puspita
AU - Kato, Mitsuyasu
AU - Saputri, Fadlina Chany
N1 - Funding Information:
This research funded by Universitas Indonesia, Grants for Publikasi Terindeks Internasional (PUTI) Research Article (RA) 2022, number: NKB-742/UN2.RST/HKP.05.00/2022.
Funding Information:
This research is supported by Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Indonesia in collaboration with Department of Experimental Pathology, University of Tsukuba.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 by the authors.
PY - 2022/8
Y1 - 2022/8
N2 - Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) is a crucial factor in the development and progression of cardiovascular diseases. PCSK9 has been demonstrated to modify LDL plasma levels and increase platelet activation, which promotes atherosclerosis, a defining feature of nearly all cardiovascular diseases. Platelet activation has been shown to promote and maintain the response to atherosclerosis development, from beginning to progression and exacerbation, which can lead to advanced cardiovascular events including myocardial infarction (MI) or death. Research on PCSK9 and platelet activation is currently underway with the main goal of reducing the risk of advanced cardiovascular events by preventing or slowing down atherosclerosis progression. Both in vitro and in vivo studies have been used to explore PCSK9 functions to develop new drugs targeting PCSK9. Finding the most suitable study models that represent the pathological and physiological systems found in humans is very important to achieving the goal. This review aimed to present a current and comprehensive overview of the experimental models that have been used to investigate the role of PCSK9 in platelet activation-induced atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases.
AB - Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) is a crucial factor in the development and progression of cardiovascular diseases. PCSK9 has been demonstrated to modify LDL plasma levels and increase platelet activation, which promotes atherosclerosis, a defining feature of nearly all cardiovascular diseases. Platelet activation has been shown to promote and maintain the response to atherosclerosis development, from beginning to progression and exacerbation, which can lead to advanced cardiovascular events including myocardial infarction (MI) or death. Research on PCSK9 and platelet activation is currently underway with the main goal of reducing the risk of advanced cardiovascular events by preventing or slowing down atherosclerosis progression. Both in vitro and in vivo studies have been used to explore PCSK9 functions to develop new drugs targeting PCSK9. Finding the most suitable study models that represent the pathological and physiological systems found in humans is very important to achieving the goal. This review aimed to present a current and comprehensive overview of the experimental models that have been used to investigate the role of PCSK9 in platelet activation-induced atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases.
KW - animal models
KW - atherosclerosis
KW - cardiovascular disease
KW - experimental methods
KW - myocardial infarction
KW - platelet activation
KW - proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85136677711&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.3390/jcdd9080258
DO - 10.3390/jcdd9080258
M3 - Review article
AN - SCOPUS:85136677711
VL - 9
JO - Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease
JF - Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease
SN - 2308-3425
IS - 8
M1 - 258
ER -
