TY - JOUR
T1 - Reaction Condition Optimization of Biodiesel from Waste Cooking Oil using Ti-Zr Pillared Bentonite as a Solid Acid Catalyst by Cheminformatics Approach
AU - Nugraha, Bayu Aditya
AU - Juwono, Ariadne Lakshmidevi
AU - Rinaldi, Nino
AU - Agustian, Egi
AU - Bardant, Teuku Beuna
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2023 American Institute of Physics Inc.. All rights reserved.
PY - 2023/10/5
Y1 - 2023/10/5
N2 - Biodiesel is a type of liquid fuel which is produced from fatty acid using trans-/esterification reaction through a catalyst. Bentonite is one of clay minerals that can be used as a catalyst. However, bentonite has several disadvantages such as low thermal stability, small surface area and pore volume. To overcome these disadvantages, structural modifications are needed, using a pillarization method. In this study, bentonite was pillarized using a mixture of titanium (Ti) – zirconium (Zr) with a molar ratio of 1:1 to obtain a solid acid catalyst that was tested for its catalytic activity in the reaction of biodiesel production from waste cooking oil in an autoclave reactor with operating pressure between 20-60 bar and temperature between 50-150OC for 3 hours of reaction. This study was also carried out an optimization of the reaction conditions for biodiesel production from waste cooking oil using the Response Surface Methodology-Chemistry Informatics (RSM-CI) method. This method can be used as an efficient chemical approach to present the optimum condition as a mathematical model which was able to predict fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) produced from a pre-determined range of reaction conditions. The Ti-Zr-pillared bentonite catalyst was analyzed using X-ray Fluorescence (XRF), N2 gas adsorption and Temperature-programmed Desorption Ammonia gas (TPDNH3). Meanwhile, the composition of FAME in biodiesel products was analyzed using GC-FID based on the EN 14105 method. The analysis showed that the surface area of the Ti-Zr-pillared bentonite catalyst increased significantly from 13.4913 m2/g to 188.4393 m2/g, and the acidity level of pillared bentonite reached 0.7158 mmol/g. Furthermore, the RSM-CI analysis showed that, the optimal reaction conditions were achieved at a pressure of 43 bar and a temperature of 150OC with a methyl ester yield of 19.538% per mg of product.
AB - Biodiesel is a type of liquid fuel which is produced from fatty acid using trans-/esterification reaction through a catalyst. Bentonite is one of clay minerals that can be used as a catalyst. However, bentonite has several disadvantages such as low thermal stability, small surface area and pore volume. To overcome these disadvantages, structural modifications are needed, using a pillarization method. In this study, bentonite was pillarized using a mixture of titanium (Ti) – zirconium (Zr) with a molar ratio of 1:1 to obtain a solid acid catalyst that was tested for its catalytic activity in the reaction of biodiesel production from waste cooking oil in an autoclave reactor with operating pressure between 20-60 bar and temperature between 50-150OC for 3 hours of reaction. This study was also carried out an optimization of the reaction conditions for biodiesel production from waste cooking oil using the Response Surface Methodology-Chemistry Informatics (RSM-CI) method. This method can be used as an efficient chemical approach to present the optimum condition as a mathematical model which was able to predict fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) produced from a pre-determined range of reaction conditions. The Ti-Zr-pillared bentonite catalyst was analyzed using X-ray Fluorescence (XRF), N2 gas adsorption and Temperature-programmed Desorption Ammonia gas (TPDNH3). Meanwhile, the composition of FAME in biodiesel products was analyzed using GC-FID based on the EN 14105 method. The analysis showed that the surface area of the Ti-Zr-pillared bentonite catalyst increased significantly from 13.4913 m2/g to 188.4393 m2/g, and the acidity level of pillared bentonite reached 0.7158 mmol/g. Furthermore, the RSM-CI analysis showed that, the optimal reaction conditions were achieved at a pressure of 43 bar and a temperature of 150OC with a methyl ester yield of 19.538% per mg of product.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85177576955&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1063/5.0173616
DO - 10.1063/5.0173616
M3 - Conference article
AN - SCOPUS:85177576955
SN - 0094-243X
VL - 2902
JO - AIP Conference Proceedings
JF - AIP Conference Proceedings
IS - 1
M1 - 030003
T2 - 8th International Symposium on Applied Chemistry, ISAC 2022
Y2 - 22 November 2022 through 23 November 2022
ER -