Quality Signal Degradation in Single-Channel Fiber Using 10 Gbps Bit Rate

Reliable data transmission capacity is a crucial factor in supporting high-data-rate communication for smart cities by implementing the Internet of Things. Optical fiber has become the most favorable transmission media by taking advantage of optical signals. However, when optical signals propagate through optical fibers, disturbances occur as the transmission distance increases. These disturbances affect the system performance indicated by the deteriorating transmission data quality in terms of the quality factor (Q-factor) and bit error rate. These parameters are vulnerable to certain factors that can alter signal transmissions such as fiber attenuation, group velocity dispersion (GVD), and self-phase modulation (SPM) as a nonlinear effect. In this study, the effects of these factors on a single-channel, single-mode fiber are investigated using a bit rate of 10 Gbps at various transmission distances and source power levels. The parametric study of attenuation, GVD, and SPM with non-return-to-zero (NRZ) modulation format are considered at various transmission distances, from 10 to 100 km, and input powers of 5 and 10 dBm are simulated using OptiSystem to characterize the parameters of Q-factor and received power. The results indicate that the performance of the system deteriorates as the transmission distance increases, and the dominant effect that impacts the performance is GVD. This result is useful for designing effective and precise fiber optic transmission for high-data-rate transmission.