Prostaglandin levels in gingival crevicular fluid in periodontitis patient with hypertension

Objective: Periodontitis is an infection that involved tooth-supporting tissues by dental plaque biofilm on the tooth surface and host immune response as causal to as inflammation resolution. Prostaglandin E₂ (PGE2) as an inflammatory mediator has been implicated in the pathogenesis of various chronic inflammatory diseases, including periodontitis, and as a regulator of blood pressure. This study aims to compare the levels of prostaglandin in the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) of periodontitis patients with hypertension and non-hypertension. Methods: A total sample of 62 patients was examined and consists of 44 patients (aged 50–90 years) who were hypertension group and 18 patients (aged 30–49 years) who were non-hypertension groups as a control. Hypertension state was measured by blood pressure based on anamnesis and using sphygmomanometer mercury. The clinical sample was collected from 62 gingival crevicular fluids [GCF] of periodontal disease subject. Measurement of the clinical parameter of probing pocket depth [PD], and bleeding on probing [BOP ≥1] was included as a diagnostic requisition. The PD and clinical attachment loss [CAL] was defined as present if the PD was ≥5 mm and CAL was ≥1 mm. Prostaglandin E2 level was estimated in gingival crevicular fluid samples by using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: The level of PGE2 was statistically significant difference in hypertension patient compare with non-hypertension (p<0.05). There was a significant difference in PD, recession, and CAL (p<0.05). Conclusion: Higher blood pressure might be related to the potential risk of inflammation and progression periodontal disease.