Problematik Infeksi Clostridium difficile: Infeksi C. difficile

Clostridium difficile is a Gram-positive, strictly anaerobic, spore-forming bacterium. Thevirulence factor of this bacterium is the toxins it produces, namely enterotoxin A (TcdA ) andcytotoxin B (TcdB). Transmission occurs fecally orally by ingesting the spores of this bacteria.Clostridium difficile is the most common cause of fulminant-associated in hospitals and otherhealthcare facilities and is of significant concern because of the increasing morbidity andmortality rates as well as increased healthcare costs. Elderly patients or patients withcompromised immune systems are patients at the highest risk for this case. Clostridiosis present avaried spectrum of infection, ranging from self-limited diarrhea, mild to moderate diarrhea, toserious diarrhea, pseudomembranous colitis, and life-threatening fulminant colitis which can belife-threatening and can cause death. The diagnosis is made by direct detection of Clostridiumdifficile toxin in the feces. Although empiric therapy known as vancomycin and fidaxomycin havebeen used as the antibiotic choice, prompt identification of patients with symptoms ofClostridium difficile infection is very important because most patients respond quickly toantimicrobial therapy. may result in death. Prompt identification of patients with symptomaticClostridium difficile infection is essential as the majority of patients respond quickly toantimicrobial therapy. Prevention is best achieved by implementing infection control measuresand appropriate use of antimicrobial agents. Health professional education regarding preventivemeasures such as hand washing, wearing gloves, decontamination of medical equipment, and theproper environment is highly recommended.