Prevalensi dan Faktor Risiko Kejadian Efek Samping Obat pada Pasien TB-MDR: Literature Review

Background: Adverse drug reaction is an important health problem that often occurs in the treatment of Multi-Drug Resistant Tuberculosis (MDR-TB) because of the complex, toxic, and long duration of treatment. Important to know the prevalence and risk factors for adverse drug reactions in MDR-TB patients to reduce and manage adverse drug reactions. Objective: To determine the prevalence and risk factors for adverse drug reactions in MDR-TB patients Method: PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) is used as a method in this study. The articles used are English articles from 2013-2023 obtained from the Pubmed, Proquest, Scopus, and Science Direct databases with the keywords "adverse event", "adverse drug reaction", "drug-resistant", "MDR", " tuberculosis”, “predicted factors”. The included articles follow analytical study designs, focusing on study population restricted to MDR-TB Patients Results: Obtained 6 articles that discussed the prevalence and risk factors for adverse drug reactions in MDR-TB patients. The prevalence of adverse drug reactions in MDR-TB patients varies between studies, prevalence ranges from 43.1%-87.7%. Adverse drug reactions that often occur are ototoxicity, arthralgia, gastrointestinal disease, psychiatric disturbance, hepatotoxicity, and dermatologic disease. Risk factors for adverse drug reactions are older age, being overweight, having a history of adverse drug reactions, history of drug-sensitive TB (SO) treatment, comorbidities, alcohol consumption, active smoking, MDR-TB regimen (long-term and individual regimen, regimen without bedaquiline), working patient, not receiving transportation for monthly control, directly observed treatment short-course (DOTS) from peripheral health facilities, and delay reporting MDR-TB cases more than 1 month. Conclusion: Adverse drug reactions in MDR-TB patients are an important health problem during treatment. There are large variations in the prevalence of adverse drug reactions in MDR-TB patients although the majority of studies have a prevalence of more than 50%. Understanding the risk factors of adverse drug reactions is useful to prevent and manage adverse drug reactions that may occur during MDR-TB to increase successful treatment in MDR-TB.