TY - JOUR
T1 - Prevalence and risk factors of primary dysmenorrhoea among medical students
T2 - a cross-sectional survey in Indonesia
AU - Situmorang, Herbert
AU - Sutanto, Reynardi Larope
AU - Tjoa, Kevin
AU - Rivaldo, Rivaldo
AU - Adrian, Michael
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2024. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.
PY - 2024/10/29
Y1 - 2024/10/29
N2 - OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to assess the prevalence and associated risk factors of primary dysmenorrhoea among medical students in Indonesia. DESIGN: A web-based survey was conducted among 630 medical students across Indonesia, selected based on specific inclusion criteria. Dysmenorrhoea prevalence, severity and associated risk factors were assessed using a self-reported questionnaire. To analyse the data, univariate and multiple binary logistic regression analyses were performed. A significance level of 5% (p<0.05) was used for both types of analyses to determine the statistical significance of the observed associations. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: Indonesia (2021: n=630 female medical students). OUTCOMES: The primary outcome is primary dysmenorrhoea, defined as painful menses without previous diagnosis of pelvic pathology. The severity of dysmenorrhoea was measured using the Verbal Multidimensional Scoring System. Independent variables include socio-demographic characteristics, menstrual history and other identified associated risk factors. RESULTS: Of the 630 Indonesian medical students surveyed, a large proportion (91.27%) reported experiencing dysmenorrhoea, with 52.35% experiencing moderate-to-severe pain. Family history of dysmenorrhoea emerged as a significant predictor for both occurrence (OR 3.76; 95% CI 1.89 to 7.45) and severity (OR 1.47; 95% CI 1.04 to 2.06). Dysmenorrhoea severity was positively associated with cycle length (OR 1.57; 95% CI 1.01 to 2.43), whereas higher body mass index (BMI) (OR 0.94; 95% CI 0.90 to 0.98) and being Indonesian of foreign descent (OR 0.46; 95% CI 0.27 to 0.84) were negatively associated with moderate-to-severe dysmenorrhoea. CONCLUSIONS: Dysmenorrhoea is prevalent among Indonesian medical students, with family history, BMI, cycle length and race significantly associated with its occurrence or severity. These findings underscore the need for further research on more diverse populations to enhance awareness and address this prevalent gynaecological concern effectively.
AB - OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to assess the prevalence and associated risk factors of primary dysmenorrhoea among medical students in Indonesia. DESIGN: A web-based survey was conducted among 630 medical students across Indonesia, selected based on specific inclusion criteria. Dysmenorrhoea prevalence, severity and associated risk factors were assessed using a self-reported questionnaire. To analyse the data, univariate and multiple binary logistic regression analyses were performed. A significance level of 5% (p<0.05) was used for both types of analyses to determine the statistical significance of the observed associations. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: Indonesia (2021: n=630 female medical students). OUTCOMES: The primary outcome is primary dysmenorrhoea, defined as painful menses without previous diagnosis of pelvic pathology. The severity of dysmenorrhoea was measured using the Verbal Multidimensional Scoring System. Independent variables include socio-demographic characteristics, menstrual history and other identified associated risk factors. RESULTS: Of the 630 Indonesian medical students surveyed, a large proportion (91.27%) reported experiencing dysmenorrhoea, with 52.35% experiencing moderate-to-severe pain. Family history of dysmenorrhoea emerged as a significant predictor for both occurrence (OR 3.76; 95% CI 1.89 to 7.45) and severity (OR 1.47; 95% CI 1.04 to 2.06). Dysmenorrhoea severity was positively associated with cycle length (OR 1.57; 95% CI 1.01 to 2.43), whereas higher body mass index (BMI) (OR 0.94; 95% CI 0.90 to 0.98) and being Indonesian of foreign descent (OR 0.46; 95% CI 0.27 to 0.84) were negatively associated with moderate-to-severe dysmenorrhoea. CONCLUSIONS: Dysmenorrhoea is prevalent among Indonesian medical students, with family history, BMI, cycle length and race significantly associated with its occurrence or severity. These findings underscore the need for further research on more diverse populations to enhance awareness and address this prevalent gynaecological concern effectively.
KW - Community gynaecology
KW - Cross-Sectional Studies
KW - Dysmenorrhea
KW - Gynaecology
KW - Prevalence
KW - Risk Factors
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85208164112&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1136/bmjopen-2024-086052
DO - 10.1136/bmjopen-2024-086052
M3 - Article
C2 - 39477265
AN - SCOPUS:85208164112
SN - 2044-6055
VL - 14
SP - e086052
JO - BMJ open
JF - BMJ open
IS - 10
M1 - e086052
ER -