Presenteeism among Healthcare Workers in Samarinda and Related Factors – Study Using Stanford Presenteeism Scale 6 (SPS-6) Questionnaire Modified in Indonesian

Background
Working while sick or also known as presenteeism is a risk factor that can have a negative impact on workers health and productivity. Presenteeism among healthcare workers will also increase the risk of patient safety. However, there is insufficient study on presenteeism in Samarinda. Thus, this study aims to determine the proportion of presenteeism, and factors related to presenteeism among healthcare workers in Samarinda.

Methods
This study used a cross-sectional study design, using primary data collected online during the period of October-November 2022. The sample used was convenience sampling with a minimum of 130 samples. SPSS version 26 was used to carry out binary logistic regression analysis.

Result
A total of 136 respondents completed the questionnaire, with the proportion of presenteeism was 31.6%. The dominant factors related to presenteeism among healthcare workers in Samarinda were stress factor (p = 0.001; aOR = 17.998; CI 95%=3.247–99.762) and work experience < 2 years (p = 0.048; aOR = 2.760; CI 95%=1.011–7.534). Pseudo-R square value was 33.2%.

Conclusion
Compared to other studies, the proportion of presenteeism obtained in this study was lower. Stress factor and work experience < 2 years were the dominant factors related to presenteeism. It is advisable for healthcare management to implement strategies to reduce stressors at the workplace, routine screening to detect stress and increasing job resources. For healthcare workers, it is advisable to increase self resources, nurture positive attitudes and relations with co-workers, and manage stress. Further study needed to explore other factors related to presenteeism.