Potential climate-change related vulnerabilities in Jakarta: Challenges and current status

The City of Jakarta is considered as one of the most vulnerable cities to climate-related disaster, including flooding, sea-level rise, and storm surge. Various climate risks in Jakarta have been accessed. However, the assessments are limited to the physical aspects of climate-change impacts, whereas risks related to the impacts on socio-economic condition have been neglected. Meanwhile, the climate risks campaign is still limited to the government circle and academics. The current Geographic Information System have spatial data and information on the physical aspects of climate-change related vulnerability, but it has not been integrated with data of the socio-economic vulnerability. The local government has not been fully aware of the implications of climate change, and there is a need to strengthen local government agencies responsible for disaster management in Jakarta.