PM_2.5 exposure and lung function impairment among fiber-cement industry workers

Introduction: Numerous studies have reported respiratory impairment by exposure to fine particulate matter (PM_2.5). However, limited studies investigated its effects on fiber cement roof workers. Thus, our study evaluated the impact of PM_2.5 on pulmonary impairments among workers and its risk factors. Design and Method: A total of 131 fiber cement roof workers have been chosen based on the inclusive criteria. Size-segregated particles were measured in the workplace of workers. Interview and spirometry tests were obtained to determine the respiratory impairments. Result: The results showed the mean concentrations of PM_2.5 had exceeded the WHO and US-EPA standards. A quarter of workers had lung restriction, lung obstruction, and mixed. Workers are most likely to have shortness of breath and wheezing. A significant correlation was found between smoking, production workers, and a long work period with abnormal lung function. Fiber cement roof workers are significantly at risk of exposure to PM_2.5. They are most likely to acquire abnormal lung function due to PM_2.5 exposure. Conclusion: Our study recommended the industry constantly maintain its programs. The industry should keep using the wet process to prevent dust generation and water suppression from preventing dust spread, as well as to wear respiratory protection for workers to avoid PM_2.5 exposure. We recommended as well to the industry to implement follow-up programs for workers with abnormal lung function. Further action is needed to protect the workers’ occupational health in the fiber cement roof industry.