PERUBAHAN LATENSI, AMPLITUDO, GELOMBANG P100 DAN RECOVERY TIME PADA PASIEN DIABETES MELITUS TIPE 2 TANPA RETINOPATI

Introduction: Complication of Diabetes Mellitus in visual system resulted to macula and optic nerve dysfunction. The most frequent study being used to analyze macula and optic nerve was visual evoked potential (VEP) and photostress test. Aim: To compare latency, amplitude of P100 wave, recovery time between type 2 diabetes patient without retinopathy and healthy subject and to identified influential factor. Method: A comparative cross sectional study was performed to type 2 diabetes patient without retinopathy and healthy subject in Neurophysiology and Neuroophtalmology Clinic, Neurology Department, Cipto Mengunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta that fulfilled the criteria.
Results: Compare to healthy subject, there was prolonged latency mean (106,8 mdet vs 99,3 mdet ;p=0,000) and reduced amplitude mean (5,1 µV vs 6,6 µV ; p=0.031) P100 wave VEP in type 2 diabetes patient. Latency and amplitude mean in type 2 diabetes patient was significantly influenced by glycemic control. (p=0.047 and p=0.011). There was prolonged RT mean in type 2 diabetes patient compared to healthy subject (23,5 detik vs 10.0 detik; p=0.000). RT mean was significantly influenced by duration of diabetes (p=0.035). Latency P100 wave VEP and RT photostress test had positive correlation with Pearson value 0.660. Conclusion: Compare to healthy subject, there were prolonged latency, reduced amplitude P100 wave VEP and prolonged RT photostress test in type 2 diabetes patient. Glycemic control influenced latency and amplitude significantly, while duration of diabetes influenced RT. VEP and photostress test study could be used as an screening objective for visual function among people with type 2 diabetes.