Peran Pemerintah dalam Tanggung Jawab Sosial Perusahaan (CSR) di Jepang dan Beberapa Negara Asia Tenggara: Analisis Komparatif dari Teori Negara Pembangunan

This paper examines the role of government in CSR governance in Japan and some Southeast Asian Countries (Indonesia, Malaysia and Singapore). By comparing these countries through developmental state theory, this study argues that although these countries are classified as developmental state (state led development), however, the role of government in CSR governance is varies greatly. The analysis is focused on the development of regulation related to CSR. The content of regulation can be used to identify the pattern of business-state relations that can be used to find the type of government's role in CSR governance. This study employs qualitative research and desk study method. As results, this study finds that in Japan and Singapore, the role of government is limited (incentivizing), while in Indonesia, the government plays dominant role (mandating) and in Malaysia, the government acts as a partner(mixed with incentivizing).