Patients Infected by Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase Producing Klebsiella pneumoniae: Risk Factors and Outcomes

Infections due to resistant bacteria including Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL) producing
Klebsiella pneumoniae becomes the major health problem worldwide. The aim of this study is to understand the
prevalence of ESBL producing K. pneumoniae in Intensive Care Unit (ICU) dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National
Hospital (CMNH) and also to understand the risk factors related to these bacteria and its correlation with patients’
outcomes. This retrospective study using the sample from clinical isolates of ICU’s patients in CMNH who were
treated in 2011 and known to have an infection with the K. pneumoniae based on microbiological examination.
Phenotypic confirmation for ESBL conducted using double disk synergy test (DDST) and patient’s history of illness
was traced through the medical record. From 35 patients infected by K. pneumoniae, 25 isolates were ESBL
positive. Central venous catheter (CVC) utilization is found to be a probable risk factor in getting an infection by
such bacteria. Infection by ESBL producing K. pneumoniae could prolong ICU stays more than 20 days.
Keywords: K. pneumoniae, ESBL, risk factors, outcomes